Key West Tarpon Fishing
The tarpon is one of the world’s favourite sporting fish. Stunningly beautiful and known as the Silver King, their aerobatic leaps make them a favourite of anglers worldwide. From March to July thousands of tarpon travel through Key West Harbour on their way to the spawning grounds and fishermen are attracted into town for the chance to do battle with them.
There are many varying fishing styles for catching tarpon, the style varying depending on the type of water that is being fished. Tarpon can be found in shallow river inlets and also on sand and mangrove flats. For these venues the favoured method is either fishing a fly coupled to a very strong rod and line or using an artificial lure. At other venues such as Islamorada the favoured style is livebaiting with small fish such as pilchards or herring. The preferred method in Key West is chumming with shrimp boat trash. Let me explain what is meant by shrimp boat trash. Lots of shrimp fishing boats ply the waters in the Gulf of Mexico and apart from catching shrimp they also catch a lot of small fish called menhaden. These are sacked up and sold as bait to the light tackle fishing boats in Key West.
The method involves the Captain cutting these small fish into small pieces and continually dropping them behind the anchored boat to attract the tarpon. The fishermen use a whole menhaden on the hook, and it is drifted back in the tidal flow towards the feeding tarpon.
The tackle recommended when fishing for tarpon in Key West is very straight forward. Our favourite rod for tarpon fishing is the ABU Conolon Boat, 7’9” 12-20lb test curve. It retails here in the UK at £74.99. ABU also offer a 3 piece version of the rod (the Conolon Boat Traveller) which probably better suits the visiting angler. That one sells for £79.99 in the UK. By the way, I use that Conolon Boat rod to fish for sturgeon in British Columbia and last year caught my best ever fish measuring 9ft 1inch and weighing…who knows, there was just the two of us fishing and there’s no way we could lift such a beast but we estimated it at around 400 lbs. Anyhow, back to tarpon fishing. The most popular reels whilst fishing for tarpon are the TLD15 and TLD20 lever drag multipliers from Shimano. The TLD 15 retails at around £80 in the UK, whereas the TLD 20 is about £15 more expensive. Whatever reel you decide on, it has to be super free running, because you’re trying to make your bait run down in the tide at a similar speed to the pieces being introduced by the Captain. I prefer to use the larger TLD 20 because the larger spool turns more slowly when you are running your bait down in the tide and it needs less turns of the handle to reel in when your bait has drifted as far you want. You’ll want the reel fully loaded with nylon, I go for the grey Ande nylon in either 15lb or 20lb breaking strain. At the end of that is securely knotted a 10 foot leader of 50 lb fluorocarbon and a large circle hook. Naturally all of the fishing boats have prestige tackle available free of charge should you not have your own.
OK, now down to the fishing. Your skipper will have motored out to one of the favourite spots, maybe the yacht basin, Bokacheeka, the entrance to Key West Harbour or maybe the North West Channel. The boat will be anchored at the bow and if there are other boats fishing they’ll probably be only a few feet away. The plan is that if every boat is chumming then there will be a good stream of bait drifting down to the fish, keeping them in one big pod rather than splitting it up. The skipper will start throwing in the pieces of menhaden and you’ll hook a whole fish onto your hook. There’s a definite way to put these baits on the hook but don’t worry, the skipper will demonstrate how it’s done. You now let your bait drift down the current, paying very close attention to where your line leaves the reel spool. A bite can be quite subtle and will often be just a speeding up of the line leaving the spool. As soon as a bite is detected you have to reel like hell….don’t strike !!. The beauty of a circle hook is that it kind of hooks the fish itself if you simply tighten the line by reeling in as fast as possible.
When a fish is hooked all hell will be let loose, the fish will likely jump clear of the water and it will certainly start running towards Cuba !!. Don’t forget that when playing a tarpon that if he jumps he’ll throw the hook unless you immediately lower the rod to ease the tension on the line. This dropping of the rod is known as “bowing to the King”, and you’ll get plenty of stick from anybody else on the boat if you lose a tarpon because it jumped and you didn’t bow. If the hooked fish is a reasonable size the skipper will let the anchor go and set off to follow the fish. I’ve released fish that were hooked a mile or more away from where they are finally released. It can be a tiring and long fight but with a bit of luck you will eventually have the tarpon beside the boat ready for a quick photograph before it is safely released to continue its journey to the spawning grounds. I remember a ‘first-timer’ fishing with us one year. He hooked his first tarpon and as it jumped he excitedly asked “how big is that” to which one wag replied “about forty minutes” !!.